900 lb is a pretty heavy load for typical cut 2x12 stringers. Mine only have 2 stringers as is pretty typical of most stairs. My heaviest safe was around 600 lb. The load capacity of the stringers is based upon the grade lumber ,the type of lumber,the span, the net section of what is left after cutting,whether or not it was overcut, whether there are any reentrant corner splits/cracks at the cut outs and where they are located,the duration and distribution of the load,the moisture content of the lumber,and other factors. If the load of the safe distributes pretty evenly to all the vertical edges of the risers(uniform load) then you will have less bending stress than if the safe's weight ends up on one riser at mid-span (point load) and maximum bending moment. Also if when easing the safe down, the safe impacts into a riser at mid span ,the stress is increased. The allowable stresses for lumber can be increased for short term duration load, but the applied stress is also increased for impact loading so be careful not to let the safe slam down on the stair and be careful that the load distributes as evenly as possible. For a safe that heavy I think Id shore up the stringers underneath at midspan with 2x4 studs down to the floor.
I suppose you could get 4 people that weigh over 200 lbs each and all of you stand close together at about midspan and maybe jump up and down some, and see if your stair stringers start to crack. But then you might break your own stairs with the load test and people might get hurt some. You should probably
have a structural engineer check it out before you consider using the stairs to support the 900 lb safe. dont forget it will be the 900 lb safe plus whoever is on the stair with it.